10 words
- deterrentnoun/dih-TER-unt/
something that discourages people from doing something
Heavy fines act as a deterrent to dangerous drivers.
Collocation: act as a deterrent · Similar: disincentive, discouragement
- rehabilitationnoun/ree-uh-bil-ih-TAY-shun/
helping someone return to a normal, useful life after prison
Education programmes in prison play a key role in rehabilitation.
Collocation: the rehabilitation of prisoners · Similar: reform, reintegration
- offendernoun/uh-FEN-duh/
a person who has broken the law
A first-time offender may receive community service instead of prison.
Collocation: a repeat offender · Similar: lawbreaker, criminal, wrongdoer
- juvenileadjective/JOO-vuh-nyl/
relating to young people under the legal adult age
The town opened a juvenile court to deal with teenage cases.
Collocation: juvenile crime · Similar: youth, young
- custodial sentencephrase/kus-TOH-dee-ul SEN-tuns/
a punishment that involves time in prison
The judge gave him a two-year custodial sentence for fraud.
Collocation: receive a custodial sentence · Similar: prison sentence, jail term
- legislationnoun/lej-is-LAY-shun/
laws, or the process of making laws
New legislation makes it illegal to use a phone while driving.
Collocation: introduce legislation · Similar: laws, regulations
- surveillancenoun/suh-VAY-luns/
close watching of people, often with cameras, to prevent crime
The station is monitored by surveillance cameras twenty-four hours a day.
Collocation: CCTV surveillance · Similar: monitoring, observation
- enforceverb/in-FORS/
to make sure that people obey a rule
It is difficult for police to enforce speed limits on rural roads.
Collocation: enforce the law · Similar: impose, apply, implement
- lenientadjective/LEE-nee-unt/
punishing less strictly than expected
Many people felt the punishment was far too lenient.
Collocation: a lenient sentence · Similar: soft, mild, merciful
- pettyadjective/PET-ee/
small and not very serious
Most petty thefts, such as stolen bicycles, are never solved.
Collocation: petty crime · Similar: minor, trivial
Grammar check
Choose the right option, then open the answer.
1. The suspect ___ to have left the country last week.
believes · is believing · is believed · believed
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is believed: Passive reporting: 'is believed to have left' reports a belief about a past action.
2. ___ the alarm been working, the thieves would have been caught.
If · Had · Were · Should
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Had: Inverted third conditional: 'Had the alarm been' means 'If the alarm had been'.
3. The prison in ___ he served his sentence has since closed.
which · that · where · whom
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which: After a preposition, use 'which' for things. 'That' cannot follow a preposition.
4. The burglar ___ come through the window; it was locked from inside.
mustn't have · shouldn't have · wouldn't · can't have
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can't have: 'Can't have' + past participle shows a past action was impossible.
5. ___ by the police, the driver admitted speeding.
Stopping · Stopped · Having stopped · To stop
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Stopped: Past participle clause with passive meaning: the driver was stopped by the police.
Use the words: speaking questions
- Is prison the most effective way to reduce crime?
- Why do some young people become involved in crime?
- Do more surveillance cameras make people feel safer or less free?
Answer them out loud with Dodo in the app for a band and better versions of your answers.