10 words
- neverthelesslinker/nev-er-the-LESS/
even so; used before a point that seems to contradict the last
The evidence is limited; nevertheless, the findings deserve attention.
Collocation: but nevertheless important · Similar: nonetheless, even so
- whereaslinker/wair-AZ/
used to compare two facts that are different
Some students thrive in groups, whereas others prefer to work alone.
Collocation: whereas others · Similar: while
- consequentlylinker/KON-si-kwent-lee/
as a result of what has just been mentioned
Funding was cut sharply; consequently, several rural libraries had to close.
Collocation: and consequently · Similar: as a result, therefore
- moreoverlinker/mor-OH-ver/
used to add a further, stronger point
The plan is expensive; moreover, it would take decades to complete.
Collocation: moreover, it is · Similar: furthermore, in addition
- notwithstandinglinker/not-with-STAND-ing/
a formal word used before a noun, meaning 'in spite of'
notwithstanding the high cost, the scheme was considered a success.
Collocation: notwithstanding these concerns · Similar: despite, in spite of
- therebylinker/thair-BY/
by doing this, which causes a stated result
The council cut bus fares, thereby encouraging more people to leave their cars.
Collocation: thereby reducing costs · Similar: in so doing, as a result
- namelylinker/NAYM-lee/
used to introduce exact details of what was just mentioned
Two factors explain the trend, namely cost and convenience.
Collocation: two reasons, namely · Similar: specifically, that is
- converselylinker/kon-VERS-lee/
introducing the opposite situation or reverse relationship
Higher prices reduce demand; conversely, lower prices tend to increase it.
Collocation: and conversely · Similar: by contrast, on the other hand
- provided thatlinker/pro-VY-did that/
only if a certain condition is met
Remote work can be productive provided that staff have clear goals.
Collocation: provided that conditions are met · Similar: as long as, on condition that
- albeitlinker/awl-BEE-it/
although; used before a short phrase rather than a clause
The economy is growing, albeit at a slower rate than expected.
Collocation: albeit slowly · Similar: although, though
Grammar check
Choose the right option, then open the answer.
1. ___ the evidence is limited, the conclusions remain plausible.
Despite · Although · However · In spite of
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Although: 'Although' introduces a full clause. 'Despite' and 'in spite of' need a noun or -ing form.
2. The scheme failed, ___ was largely due to poor planning.
which · that · what · it
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which: Use 'which' after a comma to refer back to a whole idea. 'That' cannot follow a comma here.
3. What surprised researchers ___ the speed of the change.
were · being · was · have been
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was: In a 'What...' cleft sentence, the 'what' clause acts as a singular subject, so use 'was'.
4. Prices rose sharply; ___, wages stayed flat.
however · although · despite · whereas
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however: After a semicolon, 'however' links two complete sentences. The others cannot be followed by a comma like this.
5. In addition to ___ costs, the plan improves safety.
reduce · reduced · be reduced · reducing
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reducing: In 'in addition to', 'to' is a preposition, so it is followed by a noun or an -ing form.
Use the words: speaking questions
- Why do some people prefer working alone, whereas others need a team?
- What are the main consequences of cities growing so quickly?
- Should public transport be free, provided that taxes cover the cost?
Answer them out loud with Dodo in the app for a band and better versions of your answers.